Factors Influencing the Growth of Betting Activities Among University Students in Tanzania

Abstract

ABSTRACT The main objective of the study was to assess the factors influencing betting activities among university students in Tanzania, focusing on the Dar es Salaam region. Betting among young people has surged, driven by technological advancements, financial pressures, and social influences, especially within Sub-Saharan Africa, where youth unemployment is high. Using a mixed-method approach, this research gathered data from a sample of 182 students through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews to examine how personality traits, financial hardships, peer pressure, and access to online platforms impact betting behaviour. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using SPSS, providing statistical insights, while qualitative data was examined through thematic analysis to reveal deeper patterns in betting motivations. Findings indicate that financial difficulties, peer influence, and social environments significantly drive students to participate in betting, as many view it as a potential solution to economic stress. Additionally, the accessibility of online betting platforms and the influence of social media and advertising encourage a favourable perception of betting. Despite awareness of the risks associated with betting and existing regulations aimed at reducing participation, students continue to engage, citing loopholes in enforcement and perceived leniency in penalties. ANOVA analysis further confirmed that personality traits, financial pressures, and regulatory shortcomings are significant factors impacting betting behaviours among students. The study concludes that ineffective regulatory enforcement, combined with economic challenges and social pressures, are major contributors to student betting. It recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks to close enforcement gaps, enhancing public awareness on the risks associated with betting, and introducing financial literacy programs that empower students to make informed decisions. Additionally, universities are encouraged to implement proactive strategies to support students, providing guidance on responsible gambling practices and addressing the factors that lead to problematic betting behaviours.