Effectiveness of Ward Tribunals in Land Conflict Management in Mufindi District.

Abstract

This study explores the effectiveness of Ward Tribunals in managing land conflicts in Igowole Ward, Mufindi District, Tanzania. while three specific objectives were pursued: 1) to determine the key factors influencing the tribunal's effectiveness, 2) to identify the strategies employed by the tribunal in managing land conflicts, and 3) to evaluate the challenges faced by the tribunal in performing its duties effectively. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design, utilizing in-depth interviews with nine selected respondents, who has direct involvement in or experience with land conflict management. The findings revealed that the effectiveness of the Ward Tribunal in Igowole Ward is influenced by key factors such as resource availability, community awareness, and cooperation from local leaders. Legal and procedural adherence to both formal and customary laws also played a vital role in ensuring proper conflict resolution. However, limited resources caused delays and a backlog of unresolved disputes, while community mistrust or lack of awareness hindered engagement. The tribunal employed strategies like mediation, negotiation, and community education to resolve conflicts and build trust. Despite these efforts, challenges such as resource shortages, complex legal frameworks, and delays persisted, impacting the tribunal's overall effectiveness. In conclusion, the study underscores the need for addressing resource limitations, improving community awareness and engagement, and enhancing the legal and procedural frameworks within which the Ward Tribunal operates. Institutional capacity, stakeholder cooperation, and clarity in property rights are essential for the tribunal to effectively manage land conflicts. The research recommends that local government authorities prioritize funding and resources for the tribunal, increase community outreach and education efforts, and strengthen enforcement mechanisms to ensure that tribunal decisions are respected and followed. The study also calls for further research on land conflict management across broader geographical areas to better understand regional variations and challenges in land governance in Tanzania