Abstract:
This study explores the effectiveness of Ward Tribunals in managing land conflicts
in Igowole Ward, Mufindi District, Tanzania. while three specific objectives were
pursued: 1) to determine the key factors influencing the tribunal's effectiveness, 2) to
identify the strategies employed by the tribunal in managing land conflicts, and 3) to
evaluate the challenges faced by the tribunal in performing its duties effectively. The
research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design, utilizing in-depth
interviews with nine selected respondents, who has direct involvement in or
experience with land conflict management. The findings revealed that the
effectiveness of the Ward Tribunal in Igowole Ward is influenced by key factors
such as resource availability, community awareness, and cooperation from local
leaders. Legal and procedural adherence to both formal and customary laws also
played a vital role in ensuring proper conflict resolution. However, limited resources
caused delays and a backlog of unresolved disputes, while community mistrust or
lack of awareness hindered engagement. The tribunal employed strategies like
mediation, negotiation, and community education to resolve conflicts and build trust.
Despite these efforts, challenges such as resource shortages, complex legal
frameworks, and delays persisted, impacting the tribunal's overall effectiveness. In
conclusion, the study underscores the need for addressing resource limitations,
improving community awareness and engagement, and enhancing the legal and
procedural frameworks within which the Ward Tribunal operates. Institutional
capacity, stakeholder cooperation, and clarity in property rights are essential for the
tribunal to effectively manage land conflicts. The research recommends that local
government authorities prioritize funding and resources for the tribunal, increase
community outreach and education efforts, and strengthen enforcement mechanisms
to ensure that tribunal decisions are respected and followed. The study also calls for
further research on land conflict management across broader geographical areas to
better understand regional variations and challenges in land governance in Tanzania
