Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of population growth on the management of forest
resources in Tanzania. The case of MERU/USA forest plantations. The study was
guided by the following research objectives; To analyze the trends in population
growth within the Meru/USA Forest Plantations over the past thirty years, to
investigate the socio-economic factors that influence the utilization of forest resources
in Meru/Usa Forest Plantations. As well as to assess the effectiveness of management
interventions employed to conserve forest resources in Meru/Usa Forest Plantations.
The study was enriched by Malthusian theories on the relationship between population
growth and natural resources. The proposed study is based on the positivism
philosophy.
The study employed a mixed-methods research approach, incorporating both
qualitative and quantitative methods to capture a comprehensive understanding of the
research problem, this study employed a descriptive research design to investigate and
illustrate the relationship between forest resource management and rapid population
growth. The findings from this study show that the population in the study area has
grown significantly, from 132,861 in 1988 to 449,518 in 2022. This growth, fueled by
high birth rates and migration, has led to increased demand for land, timber, and other
forest products, intensifying pressure on the forest ecosystem. The study identified
several critical factors contributing to forest degradation, with illegal logging (54%)
being the primary cause. This issue, driven by economic needs and weak enforcement
of forest management policies, has led to the depletion of forest cover. Other
challenges included the use of marginal lands for agriculture (25%) and forest
encroachment (21%). It was recommended to strengthen law enforcement to curb
illegal logging and forest encroachment. Improving government approval processes
for forest management plans and ensuring clear benefit-sharing mechanisms between
the government and local communities. Furthermore, promoting education and
awareness campaigns to increase understanding of sustainable forest management
practices. Encouraging the adoption of alternative energy sources to reduce the
reliance on firewood and mitigate pressure on forest resources. By addressing these
