Effect of Proliferation of Small Arms On Human Security in Morogoro Tanzania

Abstract

vi Abstract The study examined the impact of small arms proliferation on human security in Kilosa District, Morogoro, Tanzania. It focused on understanding the factors driving proliferation, assessing its effects on the community, and identifying effective prevention measures. The study revealed that small arms proliferation is a significant issue in the district, exacerbating violence, organized crime, armed robbery, and conflict, undermining community well-being despite government efforts. Utilizing Securitization and Human Security theories, the research employed a mixed-methods approach involving 400 survey respondents, 10 interviews, 8 focus group discussions, and documentary reviews. Data were analyzed using quantitative methods like descriptive statistics and linear regression, complemented by qualitative thematic analysis to uncover trends and patterns. Key findings identified weak law enforcement as the primary driver of small arms proliferation, with poverty, economic instability, firearm availability, and criminal networks contributing to a lesser extent. The consequences were severe, including increased crime, loss of lives, social insecurity, and disruption of community cohesion. Despite active community efforts to address the problem, there were significant variations in understanding firearm control laws and trust in authorities. The study recommended strengthening law enforcement by improving training, resources, and accountability while promoting stricter firearm control measures, such as comprehensive firearm registration and harsher penalties for illegal trade and possession. Community cooperation was deemed essential, with suggestions to enhance public awareness about the risks of small arms and foster neighborhood security programs. International collaboration was also highlighted, advocating for cross-border initiatives to curb illicit trafficking, adherence to global arms control treaties, and addressing root causes like poverty and political instability. These integrated efforts aim to reduce small arms proliferation and promote long-term security and peace in the region