THE EFFECT OF DIGITALISATION ON THE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION AUTHORITIES IN TANZANIA

Abstract

This research examines the effect of digitalisation on the operational efficiency of Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities in Tanzania, with a specific focus on the Shinyanga Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (SHUWASA). The study explores how digital technologies, such as cloud computing, data analytics, and automation, influence financial management, service delivery, and overall operational effectiveness. The research adopts a quantitative approach. The target population consists of all 120 employees of SHUWASA, with a sample size of 120 it is often justifiable to include the entire population in the study rather than sampling a subset. When the population is small, as in this case, sampling could introduce bias or reduce the representativeness of the findings, which may affect the validity of the research. Data collection methods include structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting operational efficiency. Quantitative data were analysed using statistical tools, including regression analysis. The findings reveal that while digitalisation presents significant opportunities for improving efficiency, challenges such as limited infrastructure and digital literacy must be addressed to realize these benefits fully. The study concludes with recommendations for policy and practice, emphasizing the need for strategic investments in digital capabilities to enhance the sustainability and performance of public utilities in Tanzania.