Abstract:
This study examined the influence of rainfall and evaporation on sustainable water supply in Tanzania. The study assessed the rainfall and evaporation impact on sustainable water supply. The secondary data was collected through documentary review for the climatic data. The descriptive research design and quantitative research approach were used. Purposive sampling and strain theory were used. Stata version 15 was utilised for the data analysis. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model's coefficients were produced. The study showed that rainfall had a negative effect on sustainable water supply. This effect was statistically significant at the 1% level, which means that if rainfall went up by one unit, the sustainable water supply would go down by 1.53 units when all other factors remained the same (p<0.008). However, while evaporation had a negative impact on sustainable water supply, it was statistically significant at the 1% level. This implies that for every one unit increase in evaporation, the sustainable water supply was expected to decline by 1255 units when all other variables are held constant (p<0.000). The study concludes that harvesting rainfall water is a strategic plan that directly enhances sustainable water supply by fostering positive impact, optimising water-saving strategies, and facilitating improved water supply. The study recommends that Karagwe district should enhance rainfall water harvesting processes so as to ensure smooth supply of water throughout the year. The study suggests conducting additional research on the other climatic factor that affects sustainable water supply.
