The Prevalence of Motor Vehicles Road Traffic Accidents:

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are significant a public health and safety concern worldwide hence representing as one of the leading causes of death in the world as per world Health organization(WHO) estimates that 1.35 millions of people die each as a result of road accidents .The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factors of motor vehicle road traffic accidents, assess the frequency of such incidents from 2019 to 2023, and examine the effectiveness of current intervention strategies in reducing road accident in Musoma Municipality, system theory and risk theory was adopted .The study adopted the positivist philosophy and was carried out utilizing a quantitative technique and descriptive research design using structured questionnaires and data analysis from accident records to provide insights into the primary causes, trends, and intervention outcomes. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 120 respondents, including passengers,traffic officers, drivers, LATRA officials, and victims of accidents, . The data were analyzed using descriptive study as the key findings indicate a significant increase in road traffic accidents over the observed period, particularly in peak traffic hours and during weekends. The most common factors contributing to accidents were identified as human factors (e.g., speeding, drunk driving, and distracted driving), vehicle factors (e.g., poor maintenance and lack of safety features), and environmental factors (e.g., poor road conditions and inadequate road lighting). Furthermore, the study found that motorcycles and private vehicles were predominantly involved in most accidents, with severe and minor injuries being common outcomes. Notably, while some interventions have yielded modest reductions in accident rates, their overall effectiveness appears limited by inconsistent implementation and resource constraints. Hence the conclusion drawn from these findings is that road traffic accidents in Musoma Municipality are a complex issue influenced by multiple interrelated factors. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive strategy that targets human behavior, vehicle safety standards, and infrastructural improvements. The study recommends enhancing traffic law enforcement, implementing targeted public and driver awareness campaigns, and improving road infrastructure through regular maintenance and installation of traffic lights in high-risk areas. These interventions, if implemented effectively, can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of road traffic accidents in Musoma Municipality, creating a safer road environment for all users. Additionally, there is a need for continuous monitoring and evaluation to assess the effectiveness of these interventions and adjust strategies as needed.