Factors Influencing Sustainability of Rural Water Supply Projects in Tanzania

Abstract

This study delves into the factors influencing the sustainability of rural water supply projects in Tanzania, with a specific focus on Kongwa District. The specific objectives were to examine the influence of community participation, project management practices, and project financing on sustainability of rural water supply projects. The research, situated in Kongwa district, utilized a descriptive research design to provide a holistic view of the factors influencing the sustainability of rural water supply projects. The study population comprised rural communities in Kongwa, including community-based water supply organizations (CBWSOs), RUWASA, Bondwa water authority, and the planning and coordination department. For the sample size, 46 purposively selected respondents from water supply project beneficiaries were involved. Non-probability sampling techniques, specifically purposive was employed. The study collected both primary and secondary data through documentary reviews, and unstructured questionnaires with open-ended questions. Data analysis utilized IBM SPSS statistics version 20 and Microsoft Excel. The findings reveal a significant influence of community participation, effective project management practices, and well-structured project financing on the sustainability of water supply projects in Kongwa District. Notably, community involvement fosters a sense of ownership and commitment, contributing to the projects' long-term success. Effective project management practices, encompassing planning, risk management, and communication, enhance project efficiency and adaptability. Furthermore, diverse and transparent project financing approaches ensure stability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. In summary, the study recommends continuous community engagement, comprehensive training programs, robust risk management plans, and active pursuit of strategic partnerships to enhance the sustainability of water supply projects in Kongwa District. These recommendations aim to optimize community support, equip project managers with contemporary techniques, proactively manage risks, and diversify funding sources for long-term project viability. v