Evaluation of the Factors Leading to the Rising of Immoral Practices Among Youths in Tanzania

Abstract

The intention of this study was to evaluate of the factors leading to the rising of immoral practices among youths in Tanzania: A Case of Youths in Arusha City. Specific objectives were to examine the social factors, environmental factors and economic factors leading to the rising of immoral practices among youths in Tanzania. Social learning theory, social strain theory and behavioural theory were employed in this study. In this study, a descriptive research design was employed and a mixed research approach was adopted. The study focused on youths aged 18 to 30 years and utilized convenience sampling due to its accessibility and practicality. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were employed. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS software, applying descriptive and inferential statistics, while - qualitative data underwent rigorous thematic analysis. The study unveiled that lack of parental guidance, peer pressure, inadequate moral education, media influence, and gender inequality are significant social factors contributing to immoral practices among youths in Tanzania. The study showed that poor living conditions, access to drugs and alcohol, prevalence of crime, and lack of education and employment opportunities are significant environmental factors contributing to immoral practices among youths in Tanzania. The study depicted that poverty, lack of education and employment opportunities, income inequality, and unemployment are significant economic factors contributing to immoral practices among youths in Tanzania. The study proposes the implementation of comprehensive programs and initiatives aimed at fostering and empowering youth entrepreneurship. These initiatives should encompass training, mentorship, and equitable access to resources, nurturing the aspirations of emerging young entrepreneurs. Additionally, future research endeavors could benefit from longitudinal studies that meticulously trace the developmental pathways of vulnerable youths.