Abstract:
The present study aimed at assessing the implication of drug abuse to national security with a
special focus to Arusha region as case study. The study was guided by three objectives which were
intended to; identify the underlying factors contributing to drug abuse; examine the implications of
drug abuse for security; and explore strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of drug abuse
on security. The study employed case study research design with a qualitative approach.
A sample size of 50 respondents was extracted from total population of 392,007 particularly from
groups included; drug users, police officers, local government officers, officers from the office of
DCEA, as well as staff serving in sober house. This number was determined by the saturation
principle. Sampling techniques included convenience, snowball sampling and purposive sampling.
Data collection methods included interviews (semi-structured interview), focused group discussions
and documentary review. The data was analysed through thematic analysis.
Generally, findings from the field revealed that, indicate that drug abuse is fueled by socioeconomic
pressures, peer influence, drug accessibility (especially cannabis and khat), and family dynamics.
Drug abuse contributes to various crimes, disrupting community safety. Effective strategies include
prevention programs, rehabilitation, and law enforcement, but challenges like imprisoning drug
users and corruption persist. Recommendations encompass community-wide prevention,
addressing socio-economic factors, peer counseling, legal reform, anti-corruption measures,
improved treatment access, parental education, border security cooperation, and multi-agency
coordination. Further research should evaluate the impact of awareness campaigns, long-term
rehabilitation outcomes, corruption within law enforcement, and compare drug abuse strategies with
neighboring countries. Expanding research diversity is also advised for comprehensive insights into
addressing drug abuse.
