Assessing Factors Influencing Sexual Abuse Among Child Headed Families in Tanzania:

Abstract

This study sought to assess the factors influencing sexual abuse among child headed families in Tanzania, A case of Arusha City. Specific objectives were to find out the influence of socio cultural factors and economic factors on sexual abuse of children in child-headed families; also, to establish measures that will address the sexual abuses among children in child-headed families in Arusha city. This study utilized the integrated theory of sexual offending and social constructionism theory. In this study, a case study approach was adopted and research approach encompassed both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population, was people living in Arusha city, with a sample size of 204 individuals chosen through non-probability convenience sampling. The data collection process integrated primary and secondary sources, combining questionnaires and interviews for primary data, while also consulting published and unpublished materials for secondary data. he data analysis involved a dual approach, employing descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS for quantitative data, as well as content analysis for qualitative data. The study found that beliefs, gender roles, stigmatization, and limited social support influence sexual abuse of children in child-headed families. Findings revealed that economic hardships, scarcity of resources and necessities, poverty and limited education and employment opportunities influence sexual abuse of children in child-headed families. Moreover, findings indicated that financial assistance, community initiatives, and child protection services, comprehensive sex education and economic empowerment are vital in address the sexual abuses among children in child-headed families. The study recommends involving community leaders, religious institutions, and stakeholders to establish zero tolerance for child sexual abuse and preventive measures. Further research should explore technology's role in perpetuating and preventing child sexual abuse in child-headed families.